Naslov (srp)

Ksenofobija u anglofonoj kanadskoj književnosti i kulturi

Autor

Stanković, Vladimir, 1991-

Doprinosi

Vlašković Ilić, Biljana, 1979-
Lopičić, Vesna, 1959-
Bubanja, Nikola, 1978-
Teodorović, Jasmina, 1973-

Opis (eng)

This dissertation examines the position of the immigrants and indigenous people inCanada, and their relationship with the Canadian majority population/the colonizers. Thedissertation encompasses seven novels of Canadian literature: Joy Kogawa’s Obasan, SkyLee’s Disappearing Moon Café, M. G. Vassanji’s No New Land, Michael Ondaatje’s In theSkin of a Lion, Lee Maracle’s Ravensong, Tomson Highway’s Kiss of the Fur Queen, andThomas King’s Green Grass, Running Water. In the analysis of these novels, xenophobia willbe understood as a dynamic phenomenon that interacts with the theories presented in thetheoretical framework of this dissertation, which includes the sociological and psychoanalytictheories on stranger and the foreign, the phobic aspects of xenophobia, the theories on racism,ethnicity, ethnonationalism, nationalism, and postcolonialism. By applying these theories tothe selected novels, we come to the conclusion that xenophobia has a different impact on theCanadian majority population/the colonizers and the immigrants and indigenous people.Canadians regard the immigrants as hostile and disloyal strangers, as a racial threat thatcompromises the racial purity and homogeneity of Canada, because of which it has to beneutralized using the law, as ethnically marked strangers who do not belong to Canada, and asexploitable cheap labor used for the development of Canada. Canadians (the colonizers) evenperceive the indigenous people as strangers whose foreignness and cultural difference shouldbe used in shaping their identity or destroyed in favour of Christianity. The Canadianimmigrants and the indigenous people diversely respond to xenophobic discrimination,exclusion, and oppression. Some immigrants choose assimilation by asserting their Canadianidentity and striving to prove they belong to Canada, others remain faithful to their nativeidentity by withdrawing into their native community, asserting their racial purity and ethnicalbelonging, and even returning to their homeland, while others are situated between twocultures, becoming, identitywise, hybrids. The difficult position of the immigrants in Canadamotivates some Canadians to become close to them and start their ethnonational and nationalfight against violent, unjust and exploiting Canadian society. The responses of the indigenouspeople are similar to those of the immigrants: some unsuccessfully try to assimilate, othersretreat into their reserves, allowing the colonizers to shape their identity, while some stubbornlyassert their indigenous identity, helping other indigenous individuals who want to assimilate toreembrace their indigenous identity. Despite different responses of the Canadian immigrantsand indigenous people to xenophobia, they share one common characteristic: they stayed inCanada that became their home, which was advantageous to Canada that has become aconstitutionally regulated multicultural state.

Opis (srp)

Ova disertacija ispituje položaj imigranata i starosedelaca u Kanadi, kao injihov odnos sa većinskim kanadskim stanovništvom/kolonizatorima. Korpusdisertacije obuhvata sedam romana kanadske književnosti: Obasan Džoj Kogave, KafeNestajući Mesec (Disappearing Moon Café) Skaj Li, Nije ovo nova zemlja (No New Land)M. G. Vasanđija, U lavljoj koži (In the Skin of a Lion) Majkla Ondačija, Pesma Gavranice(Ravensong) Li Marakl, Poljubac Krznene kraljice (Kiss of the Fur Queen) TomsonaHajveja i Sve dok je trava zelena i vode teku (Green Grass, Running Water) Tomasa Kinga.U analizi odabranih romana, ksenofobija će biti posmatrana kao dinamičan fenomenkoji se prepliće sa teorijama koje čine teorijski okvir, a koji uključuje sociološke ipsihoanalitičke teorije o strancu i stranom, fobične aspekte ksenofobije, teorije orasizmu, etnicitet, etnonacionalizam, nacionalizam i postkolonijalizam. Primenomovog teorijskog okvira dolazi se do zaključka da ksenofobija drugačije utiče nadominantno stanovništvo/kolonizatore, a drugačije na imigrante i starosedeoce.Kanađani doživljavaju imigrante kao neprijateljske i nelojalne strance, rasnu pretnjukoja narušava rasnu čistotu i homogenost Kanade i koju zbog toga treba zakonskineutralisati, etnički obeležene strance koji ne pripadaju Kanadi i jeftinu radnusnagu koju treba eksploatisati kako bi se Kanada izgradila. Čak i starosedeoce koji suna svojoj zemlji, Kanađani (kolonizatori) vide kao strance čiju stranost i kulturnurazličitost treba ili iskoristiti u cilju oblikovanja starosedelačkog identiteta,ili ih uništiti u korist hrišćanstva. Na ksenofobičnu diskriminaciju,isključivanje i tlačenje, imigranti i starosedeoci odgovaraju raznovrsno. Pojediniimigranti se odlučuju za asimilaciju, afirmišući svoj kanadski identitet i trudećise da dokažu da pripadaju Kanadi, drugi neguju svoj izvorni identitet, povlačeći se usvoju izvornu zajednicu i afirmišući svoju rasnu čistotu i etničku pripadnost, pačak i vraćajući se u zemlju koju su napustili, a neki se nalaze u poziciji između dvekulture, postajući identitetski gledano, hibridi. Težak položaj imigranata pokazujese i kao motivacija za neke Kanađane da postanu bliski sa njima i da započnu svojuetnonacionalnu i nacionalnu borbu protiv kanadskog nasilnog, nepravednog ieksploatatorskog društva. Odgovori starosedelaca na ksenofobiju kolonizatorasasvim su slični odgovorima imigranata: neki pokušavaju neuspešno da se asimiluju,drugi se povlače u svoje rezervate, dopuštajući kolonizatorima da oblikuju njihovidentitet, dok neki uporno afirmišu svoj starosedelački identitet, pomažući onimstarosedeocima koji žele da se asimiluju da se vrate svom izvornom identitetu.Uprkos različitim reakcijama, zajednički imenilac za imigrante i starosedeoce jesteostanak u Kanadi koja je za njih postala novi dom, što je koristilo i Kanadi koja setokom vremena razvila u Ustavom regulisanu multikulturalnu državu.

Opis (srp)

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Jezik

srpski

Datum

2023

Licenca

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